A few comments on this.
I used carbon copy cloner with legacy boot assistent to make a copy of a working ventura system with APFS (non case sensitive) that had a data partition that first aid could not fix. And thanks apple for screwing over Micromat and Alsoft with the disk specification "that will not be mentioned". The same vendors that kept people from buying windows due to Apple's poor ability to craft a reliable filesystem.
It seemed to be a good copy, although I was not able to boot from it. No errors creating it. This is ok because my intention was only to reformat the source drive and use time machine to restore from carbon copy cloner.
After reinstalling the OS on the first drive, I got this error message when attempting to restore from a
fresh CCC backup that had no errors when creating it.
So it would be REALLY interesting to see exactly when migration assistant is making this judgement call about the drive being corrupt. That would give us a way to remedy it and get out of some truly productivity halting experiences on MacOS.
FWIW I knew I could not count on that and also made a time machine backup I'm restoring from. However that process is extremely slow and I expect it to take a day or so. These days using MacOS is all about building safety nets. As far as I can tell my drives are healthy and the issues I'm hitting should not have happened. Bombich's
warnings about other filesystem issues with Ventura is telling.