This is a FEMA requirement that the test be performed.. regardless of what settings you have enabled on the phone. All wireless carriers participate in these events. This type of event overrides the user's settings since it's on a national level.If there is a false alarm (like in Hawaii) -- I WILL NOT want to know about it.
If a hacker takes over the alert system and posts some phony alert -- I WILL NOT want to know about it.
If _______________ (insert least favorite politician here) abuses the alert system for political gain -- I WILL NOT want to get the alert.
Bottom line, I don't want to get these alerts. It's my phone, it's my decision, I checked "TEST ALERTS: OFF".
Since this a government system, all systems have to conduct an operational test to ensure functionality and if the worst would happen (nuke strike, CBRN strike, attack etc..) FEMA or the office of the President can communicate with the citizens as long as your phone has access to Wi-Fi or is connected to a cellular provider.
More Info: https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20231004/national-emergency-alert-test-results#:~:text=The testing process is designed,national message to the public.
You may not want these alerts, but it is required that the alert happen in the sake of national defense.