@paulbasi, curious if you were ever able to reconnect your phone?
After updating my iPhone X to iOS 12.2, it will still connect to my Ford Expedition via USB cable, however there is no audio. The USB will charge it, and information about the music track appears on the SYNC display, but audio only comes out of the device. When I try to switch audio outputs in the Music app, there's no option for Dock Connector.
It may not be related to your issue, but thought I'd comment here first and see if you were able to find a fix.