If life in Scotland is so amazingly great why do lots of people come to live from Europe (and all over) to US instead? Hell, my neighbors in San Francisco are Irish, they don't seem to want to move back at all, lol. So how come nobody wants to move to Scotland? That's because you forgot to mention all the other taxes you have to pay like VAT on other goods. Your gasoline is expensive, your cars are very expensive, your electronics isn't cheap, etc. In fact, I used to work with some Swiss engineers at my old company. They used buy clothing and electronics in the US by the suitcases and bring them back home. When I asked why, I was told that same jeans that cost $40 here cost 120 Euro in their homeland. That's the cost of socialism, sort of.Even at £45,000, you paid £6,486.00 in TAX, £4,251.84 in NI, and £1,800.00 in student loans. With £2,705.18 to spend on rent, food, cars, video games, holidays.
It is an absolute fallacy that working hard will pull people out of poverty. There is no one here needing to work 3 jobs. You work one job with a living wage and you get the same benefits of society as those that pay tax. You have the same right to get an education as everyone else, and that is fantastic because we have had people come out of decades of poverty now being doctors, scientists, and engineers. America is leaving real talent on the table, untapped, and unused.
So it doesn't matter if you pay lower income tax. Your cost of living is still way higher than most of the US.