As others have pointed out, apps can't install themselves on non-jailbroken iPhones.
Someone may have compromised your account. I've had an iTunes account where someone downloaded a bunch of songs without my knowing, from a remote device, after logging in successfully. The way to diagnose whether this happened or not is to check the date of purchase and see what else was purchased around it. (As others here have suggested.)
It won't say who or where it was downloaded - Apple assumes it was you, on another device - but you can at least see if any other apps were purchased around it, see if the time matches up with when you had your iPhone and iPad with you. You can also check your iCloud or email associated with the App Store Apple ID to see if you got a suspicious first login notification email, or a receipt from some in-app purchase. You can also log into iCloud.com with that Apple ID to see if there is evidence of other devices added to your devices list, or access from strange GPS locations where you haven't been. Change your Apple ID password if you haven't already.
It's either a remote actor, or someone that had access to your phone for a short period of time.
One other possibility apart from the App Store is TestFLight. If you know what this is from having tested someone else's beta app, it is an alternate APp Store, with automatic downloads controlled separately, from TestFlight app. If you have used that before, it is possible that a developer beta of TikTok got through. But I doubt it, because you would have had to knowingly sign up with that developer (ByteDance LLC?) through an email invite or code.