I posted this in another thread, but I think it's relevant here as well and I want it to be seen... The issue is that when an external monitor is connected and the laptop is open, Radeon 5500 pulls 4-5x as much watts as when in clamshell mode.
I downloaded istat on my new 2.4/32g/5500 so I could check this out, because I too noticed the computer got very warm when I plugged in an external monitor but did not put it into clamshell mode.
With external monitor connected and the laptop open, Radeon is pulling about 18 watts. As soon as I either unplug the external monitor, or close the computer and go into clamshell, Radeon reduces to 4 watts. What I thought was interesting is that even without any external monitor, radeon was pulling <1 watt, and the intel gpu was still at 0. I don't have force radeon GPU on in settings but it looked to me like it was still using the radeon with no external monitor connected.
This is also interesting and maybe promising - I spent a long time in tech support chat with apple today, sent screenshots of the istat GPU wattages in clamshell and with both monitors on. They had me boot up in safe mode to see what happens, and I thought it was pretty weird that in safe mode, the radeon gpu stays at a steady ~10 watts, whether the external monitor is connected or not, clamshell or not. So the apple guy and I were speculating that it could be a software issue that could be fixed down the line. Once I got out of safe mode, back to 18/4 watts on the Radeon.
Their next troubleshooting step is to reinstall Catalina, which I suspect won't do anything, but then again, some people are saying they don't have this problem, so who knows, maybe it will help. They told me that if this doesn't do it, they want to get me on with phone support and run it up the ladder. Hopefully I get somewhere.
I'll let you guys know what happens when the Catalina reinstall is done.
I'd recommend that anybody having this issue do what I did, start talking to apple about it, take screenshots of the istat menu showing what's going on, get them logging the calls and complaints and if you think about it, this should protect you in the future when it comes to something going wrong with your computer - you can say hey Apple, look at your records, I started telling you guys about this when I had the computer for 4 days and you told me you were working on fixing it. Could help with late returns/replacements if it turns into some persistent issue. Or if enough people bring it to their attention could lead to a faster fix, if a software fix is possible.