Unpopular opinion, but a 12% cut sure beats a 30% cut.
Epic loses money with their Windows game store. 12% is not covering their costs. Maybe that will change in the coming years, but so far it’s not enough of a fee to make them money.
Supposedly Epic says 12% covers costs, but with its other spending to grow market share and whatnot, the Epic Store loses money. Apple needs to do more with the App Store than just distribute apps (develop programming languages, APIs, etc.) so it's easy to see how 12% won't cut it for Apple to make any money.
This is also explained using margins below. This is from
a comment I made a while back.
Apple's services’ gross (not net) margins are about 70%. Let's just assume the App Store is at a 70% margin (there’s a claim from a judge it’s maybe 75%, but we’ll go with what we
know about Apple’s overall services margins -- we do not
know Apple's App Store margins though). With an assumed 70% margin and a 30% fee (most developers are not paying that much), Apple gross "break even" point is a 9% fee. That's gross margin and Apple would lose money at that fee. Apple’s overall net margin is about 60% of gross margins. If Apple needs a 9% fee to break even with gross margin on the App Store, Apple needs about a 13% fee to make money. This fits with Epic’s supposed loss by charging 12% fees.
Most developers pay 15% fees. Let's assume Apple still makes money on that and is grossing a 70% margin (which isn't likely because the higher fees bring in much more money from the big companies -- most developers pay the 15% fee but most money comes from the minority paying the higher fees). In any case, Apple’s gross "break even" point is a 4.5% commission. Again, that's not net, so a 4.5% commission would lose Apple money. Again Apple, while charging most developers a 15% fee, collects most of the money from the companies paying 30%, which means Apple margins likely come from the bigger developers who will subsidize the smaller ones paying lower fees.
In any case, what this means is 5% will lose Apple money. 9-10% might be a break even point, but it's likely the net break even point is around 13%. Apple could likely have App Store profitability if everyone paid 15%, but profits would take a considerable hit. It's no coincidence that Apple charges 15% to most developers.